Improvement in base-burning stoves



UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JAMES W. TEFFT, OF DES MOINES, IOWA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, HENRY LEBOSQUE'I, AND PERRY O. RUDE, OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNING STOVES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. TEEFT, of Des Moines, in the county of Polkand State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement inApparatus for Consuming Smoke and Gas, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

The invention relates to that class of devices for heating purposeswhich is intended to consume, in the process of combustion, the gaseous'products thereof, and is intended to be applicable to all varieties ofheaters7 being, however, in the present instance, shown as incorporatedin a stove adapted to ordinary heating and cooking. The object of theinvention is to consume the products of the combustion, and to thusderive the greatest possible amount of heat from all combustible matterused or evolved in such use, as well as to obviate the obstruction ofpipes and flues by the deposits of smoke or gas. The object of theinvention is eiected'by means of a depending draught-chamber or conduit,having its base open and in the fire-chamber, supplying the fuel thereinwith a current of air, which, in descending the conduit, creates adraught, carrying with the flames such of the products of combustion asmay have escaped into the upper parts of the device. An uprightdraught-chamber, of generally similar construction to that above, isplaced in the rear an d opposite to it, and supplies the products ofcombustion in the combustionchamber with a draught of air drawn frombelow. By these means the flames and products of combustion aresubjected to two distinct currents of air. To prevent the too rapidconsumption of fuel a magazine or reservoir is provided above the baseof the Erst-mentioned draught-chamber, filling the entire capacity ofthe device below the plate through which the fuel is charged, theoutside of which reservoir is acted upon by cold air on all sides.

Figure lis a vertical central section from front to rear of a deviceexhibiting the elements of the invention. Fig. 2 is afront elevation ofsame with portions of the front broken out. Fig. 3 is a side elevationof sainewith portions of the side broken out. Fig. 4 is a plan view ofsame, the top of the stove being removed. Fig. 5 is a perspective of theinterior of the same through the line. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the baseofsamc. Fig. 7 is a perspective of the base of the air or draughtchamberwhen made detachable. Fig. 8 is a view of the top of the air ordraught-chamber when made detachable.

A in the accompanying drawing is the feeddoor through which the feed issupplied. B are the grate-doors, having grated or mica fronts. 'I is asliding damper. B is the oven-door. D are mica windows. The bed of thedevice has 011e liuc, O, provided in front with the flue-stopperD andconnected with the stove-pipe E. It has also two horizontal conduits,one on each side of the flue, connecting with the vertical conduit S.Above the bed of the stove, and between the front wall of the conduit S,the sides of lining of the stove, and the lower portion ofthe frontthereof, is the ash-pit, provided with a drawer, G. Above the centralportion of the ash-pit is placed the tilting grate H, forming thehorizontal base of the fire-chamber. The inclined grate I is of the samelength as the bed-grate, and may be either open or blank. The top of theinclined grate is opposite, but slightly above, the upper edge of thesliding damper T, and is inclined at such angle as to induce a gradualmovement of the fuel, while in process of combustion, from the fronttoward the back of the stove. The rear surface ofthe lower portion ofthe grate I touches the front edge of the bed-grate H, the combinedsuperfices of these two grates forming the bottom and front of thefire-chamber, which is provided at each end with the lining V. The backofthe lire-chamber extends to a point about opposite the top of thegrate I, and inclines from rear to front. A plate, K, is set or castvertically in the stove, and extends from side to side thereof,

forming the front wall of the conduit S, and placed so that its upperparts come nearly in contact with the corresponding parts of the back ofthe nre-chamber. The upper edge of plate X is provided with a cap orcurved edge, L, the lip of which projects toward the front, extendingover the top edge of the back ofthe fire-chamber, leaving, however, aproper space between the same and the under surface of said edge. Thecap or upper part of plate X may be made detachable, as shown at Fig. S,in which case this part consists of a curved piece of sheet metal,having one side longer than the other, and is provided near each endwith ears, which project from the coneavity of the cap so that the upperedge of the fixed portion of the plate X can pass between the cars c andthe interior of the back or long portion of the cap, the front edge ofwhich is provided with an opening extending its entire length, exceptsmall portions on each end, which serve to support the front of the cap,Fig. 8, thus affording an opening above the top of the back of thefire-chamber M. rlhe space between the rear surface of the back ofthe{ire-chamber and the front surface of the plate forms the verticaldraugmt-chamberY or air-conduit F, and is provided with the apertures Z,as shown. The plates N and O extend from one sideof Ythe. Ystom to the.otherna-ndare secured,

at a proper distance from the front and rear thereof, in such positionthat their upper edges are properly separated; but as the platesextenddownward they approach each other until they are but slightly separatedat their lower edges, which are opposite the horizontal center of theback of the fire-chamber. The lower edge of the plate extends over andslightly to the rear of the lower edge of the plate, leaving an intervalbetween said portions of the said plates. rIhe space between the platesN and O forms the draught-chamber or depending air-conduit P, which isprovided with the apertures, as shown. rIhe plate N has a series ofholes, properly separated from each other, above and below the junctionofthe covering-plate Q. The lower por` tion or base of thedraughtehamber maybe made detachable, as shown at Fig. 7, and when thusconstructed consists of a metal trough, closed at each end, and providedwith ears fitting between small uprights b on the upper edge ofthelining V. The base, Fig. 7, has also projections at each side near itsends, which fit upon the outside of the lou e: part of the fixedportions ofthe plates N and 0. One of the lower edges of the baseextends over the other, in a manner similar to that above described, incase when the base is a part of the plates N and O. The covering-plateQ, provided with the sliding-doors A, is placed at a proper distancebelow the front part of the top ofthe stove, and inclines from rear tofront, so that the aperture between the sliding doors A, when open, isdirectly opposite the door A,

the upper edge of the covering-plate Q being secured to the exteriorsurface ofthe plate N; the lower edge to the interior of the front ofthe stove below the bottom of the door A. rlhe reservoir R extends theentire length of the firechamber M, being that portion ofthe interior ofthe stove between the line of combustion below, the covering-plate Qabove, the front surface ot' plate K in the rear, and the interiorsurface of the front of the stove above the line of combustion and belowthe front edge of the coveringpl ate Q, in front.

rIhe fuel being placed in the lire-chamber and the process of combustioncommenced, the reservoir can be lled, thus affording to the action ofthe fire a surface of fuel equal to the horizon- Y above.

tal plane between the plate and grate. The depending draught-chamber l?conveys a horizontal sheet of cold (and, after the combustion progressessufficiently to heat the plates N and O, of warm) air to the surface ofthe burning fue] at the point S, and across the entire breadth of therechamber from one side to the other, this draught being supplieddirectly with air through the apertures E', and indirectly through thoseat t in the door A, thence throughthe holes t, thus carrying oil' andinto the combustion any gases that may escape from the doors A into thespace through the apertures x, which thus carries off any gases that maybe confined in the upper part of the reservoir. At the same time thevertical draughtehamber F supplies the products of the combustion at thepoint T with a similar sheet of air to that above mentioned, thischamber being supplied with air through the apertures Z. Thedraught-chambers P and F thus feed the combustion and the gaseousproducts thereof with oxygen, renderin g the same inflammable andcausing their consumption. After passing above the top of plate X theheated air is drawn downward through the vertical conduit S, thenceforward through the conduits C around the same into the flue C, andthence into the pipe at its rear end.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. rIhe draught-chamber IJ extending into the re-ch amber M and providedwith a slot, S', across its whole end or base, as and for the purposesdescribed and shown.

2. rlhe combination of the draught-chambers P and F, when constructedand arranged substantially as shown and specified.

3. The apertures t in the draught-chamber I), arranged relatively to theapertures in the door A, as and for. the purposes shown and described.

4. The detachable base of draught-chamber l), as shown at Fig. 7, whenprovided with a slot across its whole base or end.

5. The reservoir R, lling the entire capacity of the device below theplate A' and in front of the plane of the front surface ofthe chamberI), and being of greater depth at its base than at its top,substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination ofthe chambers I) and F, constructed and operating asshown and described, with the reservoir It, substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing improvements in apparatus Jforconsuming smoke and gas, as above described, I have hereunto set my handand seal this 15th day of April, 1871.

J. IV. TEFF'I. [L. s]

Witnesses:

R. O. CHRISTY, A. C. BrnwnLL.

